MITCross-jurisdictionData protection
Use this skill when implementing GDPR or CCPA compliance, designing consent management, conducting DPIAs, or managing data processing agreements. Triggers on GDPR, CCPA, data privacy, consent management, DPIA, data subject rights, privacy policy, cookie consent, and any task requiring privacy regulation compliance or data protection design.
MITCross-jurisdictionFinance
Use when advising on anti-money laundering (AML) or counter-terrorist financing (CFT) obligations in MENA jurisdictions, including customer due diligence, suspicious activity reporting, beneficial ownership disclosure, sanctions screening, and DNFBP obligations. Covers Saudi Arabia, UAE (onshore, DIFC, ADGM), Lebanon, and Egypt in depth, with FATF/MENAFATF framework context and crypto-asset AML requirements.
MITCross-jurisdictionAviation
Use when advising on aviation law matters in MENA, including aircraft financing and leasing (Cape Town Convention), airline regulatory frameworks, carrier liability (Montreal Convention), passenger compensation, slot and ground handling rights, aviation dispute resolution, and drone regulation. Covers Saudi Arabia (GACA), UAE (GCAA, DCAA, ADAC), Lebanon (DGCA), and Egypt (ECAA), with cross-references to international frameworks.
MITCross-jurisdictionAntitrust
Use when advising on competition law matters in MENA jurisdictions, including merger control filings, cartel investigations, abuse of dominance, distribution and agency agreement compliance, and joint venture risk assessment. Covers Saudi Arabia (GAC), UAE (Ministry of Economy), Egypt (ECA), Lebanon, Bahrain, and Qatar with jurisdiction-specific thresholds, penalties, and procedural rules.
MITCross-jurisdictionConsumer
Use when advising on consumer protection obligations in MENA jurisdictions, including misleading commercial practices, product liability, warranty obligations, e-commerce consumer rights, complaint and recall procedures, and enforcement by consumer protection authorities. Covers UAE (Consumer Protection Law 2023), KSA (Consumer Protection Law), Egypt (Law 181/2018), and Lebanon (Law 659/2005), with sector-specific notes for financial services and digital platforms.
MITCross-jurisdictionEnergy
Use when a matter involves oil and gas contracts, energy sector licensing, upstream/downstream regulatory obligations, production sharing agreements, or energy-project law in MENA jurisdictions (Saudi Arabia, UAE, Kuwait, Qatar, Oman, Iraq, Egypt, Libya). Covers national oil company frameworks, concession and PSA structures, joint-venture arrangements, environmental and decommissioning obligations, LNG and pipeline regulation, and dispute-resolution in the energy sector. Triggers on oil and gas contracts MENA, PSA, energy licensing KSA/UAE, upstream/downstream regulation, Saudi Aramco, ADNOC, or energy project disputes.
MITCross-jurisdictionConstruction
Use when advising on construction contracts using FIDIC forms in MENA, including contract book selection (Red/Yellow/Silver/Gold), MENA-specific clause adaptations (currency, force majeure, time-bar enforceability, liquidated damages, performance bonds), Dispute Adjudication Boards (DABs), and arbitration of FIDIC disputes. Covers Saudi Arabia (NEOM/Vision 2030 projects), UAE, Lebanon, and Egypt with jurisdiction-specific civil-law traps.
MITCross-jurisdictionGaming
Use when a matter involves gaming (video games, e-sports, fantasy sports) or gambling (casinos, lotteries, betting, online gaming) in MENA jurisdictions. Covers the near-total prohibition on conventional gambling in KSA, UAE, Lebanon, and Egypt under Sharia-based and statutory law; the narrow exceptions and free-zone approaches (DIFC/ADGM); Egypt and Lebanon's limited licensed-gambling history; and the complex legal treatment of online gaming platforms, loot boxes, in-game currency, and skill vs. chance games in the region. Triggers on gambling law MENA, casino licensing UAE, online gaming KSA, loot boxes MENA, or e-sports regulation questions.
MITCross-jurisdictionHealthcare
Use when a matter involves healthcare facility licensing, practitioner regulation, drug and device approvals, health insurance obligations, telemedicine, medical liability, or health-data privacy across MENA jurisdictions (Saudi Arabia, UAE, Lebanon, Egypt). Covers national regulatory bodies (SFDA, MOH KSA, DHA, DOH Abu Dhabi, MOHAP, MOPH Lebanon, EDA Egypt), mandatory health insurance frameworks, Vision 2030 privatization, and the overlap with PDPL for health data. Triggers on healthcare licensing MENA, medical device approval KSA/UAE, health insurance UAE, telemedicine regulation, or medical malpractice MENA.
MITCross-jurisdictionInsurance
Use when a matter involves insurance regulation, takaful (Islamic insurance) structures, mandatory insurance requirements, or insurance contract drafting in MENA jurisdictions (Saudi Arabia, UAE, Lebanon, Egypt, DIFC/ADGM). Covers the distinction between conventional insurance and takaful models (wakala and mudaraba), regulatory bodies (SAMA/CHI for KSA, CBUAE/SCA for UAE, SFC/MOF for LB, FRA for Egypt), mandatory insurance classes, and key insurance contract drafting points. Triggers on takaful structure, insurance license MENA, mandatory insurance KSA/UAE, insurance dispute MENA, or reinsurance MENA questions.
MITCross-jurisdictionIP
Use when a matter involves trademark registration, patent filing, copyright protection, trade-secret enforcement, or IP licensing in MENA jurisdictions (Saudi Arabia, UAE, Lebanon, Egypt, GCC). Covers national IP frameworks, WIPO treaties, Madrid Protocol trademark filing, GCC Patent Office, SAIP (KSA), MOEC (UAE), MOET (Lebanon), Egyptian Patent Office, and enforcement options including civil, criminal, and customs seizure. Triggers on trademark MENA, patent KSA/UAE, copyright Arab countries, IP licensing MENA, or counterfeit goods enforcement questions.
MITCross-jurisdictionMaritime
Use when a matter involves maritime law, shipping contracts, cargo claims, vessel arrest, charter parties, or marine insurance in MENA jurisdictions (Saudi Arabia, UAE, Lebanon, Egypt). Covers the UAE Federal Maritime Code, Saudi Maritime Code, Lebanese Maritime Code, Egyptian Maritime Trade Code, Suez Canal Authority rules, key international conventions (UNCLOS, Hague-Visby, Hamburg, Rotterdam, SOLAS, MARPOL), common dispute types, and MENA-specific arbitration forums (DIAC, DIFC-LCIA, LMAA). Triggers on shipping MENA, cargo claim UAE/KSA, vessel arrest Lebanon, charter party, or Suez Canal questions.
CC-BY-4.0Cross-jurisdictionCriminal
Kosovo Specialist Chambers (KSC) and Specialist Prosecutor's Office (SPO) research, drafting, and analysis. Use whenever the conversation involves the KSC/KRSJI, the Thaçi et al. case (KSC-BC-2020-06; Thaçi, Veseli, Selimi, Krasniqi), Mustafa (KSC-BC-2020-05), Shala (KSC-BC-2020-04), Gucati and Haradinaj (KSC-BC-2020-07), Law No. 05/L-053, Article 162 of the Kosovo Constitution, the Marty Report (2011), KLA-related crimes 1998-2000, victim participation, the chamber structure, or any KSC document or case identifier. Enforces a verification-first discipline: every case-law, decision, indictment, filing, or judgment citation must be verified against scp-ks.org or legal-tools.org before appearing in any output; appeal registry numbers are cited only once confirmed. Foundational texts (Law No. 05/L-053, Article 162, Rules of Procedure and Evidence) may be cited from project knowledge when present. Trigger on KSC, Kosovo Specialist Chambers, SPO, Thaçi, Veseli, Selimi, Krasniqi, or a KSC case identifier.